AQSH VA YEVROPA ITTIFOQIDA KREDIT RISKINI BOSHQARISH HAMDA BANK NAZORATI TIZIMINING QIYOSIY TAHLILI
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kredit riski, bank nazorati, examiner culture, supervisory dialogue, Federal Reserve, ECB, SSM, SREP, CCAR, DFAST, NPL, sof zarar koeffitsienti.Abstrak
Ushbu maqolada AQSH va Yevropa Ittifoqida (YeI) kredit riskini boshqarish hamda bank nazorati amaliyotining qiyosiy tahlili keltirilgan. Tadqiqotda AQSH Federal Zaxira Tizimi (Fed), Valyuta Nazoratchisi Boshqarmasi (OCC) va Federal Depozit Sug‘urtalash Korporatsiyasi (FDIC)ning “ekspert-nazoratchi madaniyati” (examiner culture), shuningdek Yevropa Markaziy Banki (YeMB) huzuridagi Yagona Nazorat Mexanizmi (SSM) doirasidagi Birlashgan Nazorat Guruhlari (JST) va nazorat sharhi jarayoni (SREP) atroflicha tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, AQSH banklarida sof zarar koeffitsienti 2024-yilda 0,65%, kapital rentabelligi (ROA) - 1,11%, muammoli banklar soni - 66 ta, YeI banklarida esa CET1 koeffitsienti - 15,7%, NPL nisbati - 1,9%, likvidlikni qoplash koeffitsienti (LCR) - 158,5% darajasida qayd etilgan. Ikki tizim o‘rtasidagi madaniy va institutsional farqlar, ularning samaradorligi va kamchiliklari batafsil ko‘rib chiqilgan.
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O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy banki rasmiy sayti - www.cbu.uz
