TIJORAT BANKLARIDA AKTIV-PASSIV MUDDATLARINI MOSLASHTIRISH: LIKVIDLIKNI SAQLASHNING ENG MUHIM YO‘LLARI
Keywords:
tijorat banklari, aktiv-passiv boshqaruvi, likvidlik, likvidlik riski, muddat nomuvofiqligi, ALM, resurs bazasi, gap-tahlil, kredit portfeli, barqaror passivlar, stress-test.Abstract
Mazkur maqolada tijorat banklari aktivlari va passivlari muddatlarini moslashtirishning nazariy hamda amaliy jihatlari, shuningdek, uning bank likvidligini saqlashdagi o‘rni ko‘rib chiqilgan. Tadqiqotda aktiv-passiv nomuvofiqligining likvidlik xatari, to‘lovga qobiliyatlilik va moliyaviy barqarorlikka ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Xorijiy va mahalliy ilmiy qarashlarga asoslanib, muddatlarni moslashtirish bank boshqaruvining nafaqat texnik vositasi, balki risklarni nazorat qilish va balans barqarorligini ta’minlashning strategik vositasi ekanligi ta’kidlangan. Shuningdek, “Agrobank” ATB moliyaviy ko‘rsatkichlari misolida aktivlar, majburiyatlar, kredit portfeli va kapital dinamikasi tahlil qilinib, kredit portfelining tez o‘sishi barqaror va uzoq muddatli passivlar bilan ta’minlanmasa, likvidlikka bosim kuchayishi mumkinligi qayd etilgan. Tadqiqot yakunida muddat koridorlari tizimi, resursga bog‘langan kreditlash, passivlar barqarorligini baholash, ikki qavatli likvidlik buferi hamda ALM qarorlarining likvidlikka ta’sirini baholash bo‘yicha amaliy takliflar ishlab chiqilgan.
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